tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6827685442613283212024-03-19T03:50:21.354-07:00WWW.QCINSPECTOR.BLOGSPOT.COMMadhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comBlogger80125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-8786269881147453312022-06-27T01:27:00.004-07:002022-06-27T01:27:54.972-07:00LESSONS LEARNED <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheMns0b71nDUuckwy3CC3ewCMgv1bxjg_Dypu27_3K7MNdgTnn_3-2th3rtOeD5ABupnStipRZFYKZmaMJ1ow9_utO6ukTZd_grtsfcUzolAQHsYbBKuUEadUcAORabt5uk0h-82GMjwmLNcRLIufelTBM0l7sUKqsFbbouYz8wmV5_7yj3bH1Aup1/s829/ds.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="366" data-original-width="829" height="283" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheMns0b71nDUuckwy3CC3ewCMgv1bxjg_Dypu27_3K7MNdgTnn_3-2th3rtOeD5ABupnStipRZFYKZmaMJ1ow9_utO6ukTZd_grtsfcUzolAQHsYbBKuUEadUcAORabt5uk0h-82GMjwmLNcRLIufelTBM0l7sUKqsFbbouYz8wmV5_7yj3bH1Aup1/w640-h283/ds.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><p><b style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;"><span style="color: #575757;">Lessons learned are the documented information that reflects both the </span><span style="color: red;">positive</span><span style="color: #575757;"> and </span><span style="color: red;">negative</span><span style="color: #575757;"> experiences of a project. They represent the organization’s commitment to project management excellence and the project manager’s opportunity to learn from the actual experiences of others.</span></b></p><p></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;"> </p><blockquote><span style="color: #575757;"><b style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">Clever People Learn from their Own Experience</b></span></blockquote><span style="color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18px;"><b> Wise</b></span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;"><b><span style="color: #575757;"> people learn from Others Experience</span></b></span><p></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;"><b><span style="color: #575757;"><br /></span></b></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;"><b><span style="color: #575757;"></span></b></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: #575757;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEilcu8wSsIRjHt3s3Pd9KNpnTbXJpMD16Gda9dOWDaOMnoyDudkiUnt6MRPB4GvTNJV_m1OSnlJx65reKpnxK-pcVVIeifqkdxhnoQV74ahvdzmauMOeFuOQPiNNx_I5I2MdhgVplvVIIohWh9J_HET278dTa2j_RZLwPpeEEb9nVwYexPTx6OAU9WW" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="682" data-original-width="645" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEilcu8wSsIRjHt3s3Pd9KNpnTbXJpMD16Gda9dOWDaOMnoyDudkiUnt6MRPB4GvTNJV_m1OSnlJx65reKpnxK-pcVVIeifqkdxhnoQV74ahvdzmauMOeFuOQPiNNx_I5I2MdhgVplvVIIohWh9J_HET278dTa2j_RZLwPpeEEb9nVwYexPTx6OAU9WW=w378-h400" width="378" /></a></span></b></div><b><span style="color: #575757;"><br /><br /></span></b><p></p><h4 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Step 1: Identify Lessons Learned</h4><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">Step 1 of the lessons learned process is to identify comments and recommendations that could be valuable for future projects. The two activities for identifying lessons learned are: 1) prepare for lessons learned session and conduct lessons learned session.</p><h5 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 11px; margin-top: 0px;">Prepare for lessons learned session</h5><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The person who will be facilitating the lessons learned session should prepare in advance. In preparation for the lessons learned session the facilitator should have the participants complete a project survey. The project survey will help the participants to be better prepared to respond during the lessons learned session and will also give them the opportunity to provide input if they are unable to attend.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The project survey should be organized by category. The use of categories will ensure key information is not missed and will later help to focus the discussion. Standard categories for each project should be defined and additional categories specific to a project can be added. Suggested categories include project management, resources, technical, communication, business processes, requirements, design and build, testing, implementation and external areas. These categories can be subdivided into more detailed categories. For example, project management can be divided into the process groups: initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling and closing. Planning can then be further divided into project schedule, risk analysis, etc. A simple approach is to begin with a few categories such as project management, resources, technical and external areas and then add more categories as needed.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The project survey should also include specific questions for each category. These responses will be used by the lessons learned facilitator to guide the discussion during the lessons learned session. Three key questions should be included as part of the survey: 1) what went right, 2) what went wrong and 3) what needs to be improved.</p><h5 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 11px; margin-top: 0px;">Lessons Learned Session</h5><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">A lessons learned session focuses on identifying project success and project failures, and includes recommendations to improve future performance on projects. Project managers have a professional obligation to conduct lessons learned sessions for all projects with key internal and external stakeholders, particularly if the project yielded less than desirable results (PMI, 2004, p. 230). The lessons learned session is a very important part of the lessons learned process. If the session is not successful, the organization loses out on the lessons learned opportunity.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">To obtain optimum results, the lessons learned sessions should be facilitated by someone other than the project manager. If the project manager chooses to facilitate the session, the project survey results should summarized by someone other than the project manager and shared with the participants during the session. This will ensure the all the relevant items are included in the discussion. The facilitator should review key documents and project survey results, and then prepare a list of questions specific to the project. The facilitator should use lessons learned categories during the session to help focus the participants thinking and discussion. Finally, the facilitator should always ask the three key questions.</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 11px; padding: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 9.6px; margin-left: 26px;">What went right</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 9.6px; margin-left: 26px;">What went wrong</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 9.6px; margin-left: 26px;">What needs to be improved</li></ul><h4 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Step 2: Document Lessons Learned</h4><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">Step two of the lessons learned process is to document and share findings.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">After lessons learned are captured, they should be reported to project stakeholders. Different types of reports can be produced based on the audience. The detailed lessons learned report consists of the data captured during the lessons learned session and any additional input from participants who were not able to attend. The facilitator should distribute the detailed lessons learned report to all participants and participants should be given time to respond to the accuracy of the report. After the report is finalized, the entire project team should receive a copy even if they did not participate in the lessons learned session. The final report should be stored with the other project documentation.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The facilitator should prepare a summary for leadership. This report should present an overview of the lessons learned process and a summary of project strengths – what went well, project weaknesses – what went wrong and recommendations – what we need to improve. The detailed report can be included as an attachment or made available in the event leadership needs more information.</p><h4 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Step 3: Analyze lessons learned</h4><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">Step three of the lessons learned process is to analyze and organize the lessons learned for application of results. At level 1 analysis is more informal as the team decides what can be done with the lessons learned. Information is shared with other teams during organizational meetings. Project management process improvements or training needs are often identified as a result of lessons learned recommendations.</p><h4 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Step 4: Store lessons learned</h4><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">Step four of the lessons learned process is to store in a repository. At level 1, organizations do not have a dedicated lessons learned repository in place. Lessons learned documents are stored along with other project documents, normally on a shared drive or in some form of project library. There is no easy means of retrieving the lessons. Organizations often set up a lessons learned folder on the shared drive to make the lessons learned reports available to other project teams.</p><h4 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Step 5: Retrieve lessons learned</h4><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">Step five of the lessons learned process is to retrieve for use on current projects. This is step is rarely used at level 1. Although lessons learned reports are stored on a shared drive, without key word search capability, it is difficult to retrieve the appropriate lesson.</p><h3 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; letter-spacing: 0.8px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Level 2: Evaluation of Lessons Learned Repository</h3><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">At level 2 organizations have a defined process and basic tools for identifying and documenting lessons learned. The process has become part of the organization’s culture and is consistently applied to projects and process documents have been revised to allow for more efficiency. Although organizations are consistently capturing lessons learned they are not fully utilizing them.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">What organizations need at level 2 are effective tools and the beginning of analysis of stored lessons learned. Why collect lessons learned if the valuable information is not shared within an organization to either avoid reoccurrence of lessons learned or more importantly repeat best practices lessons learned.</p><h4 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Process to Evaluate Lessons Learned Collected in Organization’s Repository</h4><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">As mentioned earlier, the identification of lessons learned from each project is the primary responsibility of each project manager. During this level, organizations need to dedicate a resource or resource(s) to begin the analysis of documented lessons learned. The purpose of the analysis is to identify actions that can be taken within the organization to strengthen weak areas of knowledge and implementation during each project. This can be done through enhanced training of project managers and/or team members; this includes project sponsors and champions. It may mean added or improved procedures and processes.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The person(s) tasked with analysis of an organization’s lessons learned should be located at a level within the organization that will enable the person(s) to implement approved solutions.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">It is also important that gathering the original lessons learned data should be collected utilizing consistent processes and forms. Consistency of input information allows for speedier identification of reoccurring issues and proactive resolutions. An example of an effective lessons learned tool would be a consistent lessons learned input form.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The lessons learned input form is a key tool. This document allows for more consistent data collection as well as provides a means for easier retrieval. The lessons learned template should include previously agreed to fields such as: category, lesson learned, action taken, how did you arrive at the action taken, root cause and key words. Key words should always be identified. Key words are ultimately one of the determinants of success in utilizing lessons learned (Prichard, 1997, p. 94), and are essential for easy retrieval. The data on the lessons learned input form is transferred to the organization’s lessons learned repository. The lessons learned input form can also be shared with the project team during the lessons learned session. As a team member identifies a lesson, that needs to be included in the repository, the necessary information can be captured while the team member is available.</p><h4 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Types of Reports based on Lessons Learned Data</h4><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">At level 1, organizations should be able to produce lessons learned detailed and summary reports from information gathered during the team sessions and share these reports with immediate project stakeholders. At level 2 more reporting options should be available.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">Additional reporting options include:</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 11px; padding: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 9.6px; margin-left: 26px;">Detailed Report – organized by key fields from the lessons learned template and includes responses gathered during the session.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 9.6px; margin-left: 26px;">Summary – a one-page brief summarizing the findings and providing recommendations for correcting the findings.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 9.6px; margin-left: 26px;">Findings – a summary of the issues found during the review process.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 9.6px; margin-left: 26px;">Recommendations – recommended actions to be taken to correct findings. The approved actions should be documented and tracked to completion. In some cases the approved action may become a project due to high level of resources required to address the finding.</li></ul><h3 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; letter-spacing: 0.8px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Level 3: Metrics</h3><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">During Level 2 we noted that organizations should have identified process and templates in place to address lessons learned. Analysis of lesson learned data was discussed. During Level 3, it is important to be able to take the completed analysis and convert that data to metrics that are important to the organization’s executive level action approvers.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">A typical executive has a very busy schedule and most review their emails and reports utilizing the “Evelyn Woods Speed Reading Technique” or something similar. So the executive-level lessons learned report should be no more than 3 pages to ensure that the data is read and decisions should be easy to determine. The 3 page report should consist of: Page 1 – text overview of analyzed data including recommended next steps…improvement or recognitions. Page 2 and 3 should be clear graphical presentations that provide a clear picture for the executive to make a decision.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The most successful graphical presentations display either pie charts or bar charts with easily understood x-axis and y-axis titles. The graph legend should also be concise and easily understood.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">It is appropriate to include more than one diagram on each page, but remember the intent of the graphs are to tell a visual story of what’s wrong and/or what is successful in the completion of projects within the executive’s area of responsibility.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">Equally important, remember who your ultimate audience will be when preparing your metrics reports.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The key you want to achieve is <span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: pmi-font !important; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 1; speak: none;">Effective Metrics Reports</span> which can only be achieved if the capture of project lessons learned data is consistent and maintained in a centralized repository.</p><h3 class="section_head" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #212121; font-family: Agrandir-Medium, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; letter-spacing: 0.8px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-top: 24px;">Achieving the Next Level</h3><p class="nonindent" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">We have shared with you different levels of lessons learned utilization and solutions we hope you can utilize to either initiate of improve your lessons learned processes, repositories and metrics. We have also provided you with justification for the importance of a lessons learned repository and the long term value that can be gained if the stored lessons learned are reviewed and analyzed on a regular basis.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">Capturing lessons learned should be an on-going effort throughout the life of the project. This mindset should be strongly encouraged by the project manager from day one. Whether we are using lessons learned to prepare for current projects or for identifying project management process improvements, we learn from project failures as well as project successes. By not learning from project failures we are doomed to repeat similar situations. By not maximizing on project successes, we miss opportunities to implement good processes and practices to successfully complete existing and future work. Make sure that capturing project lessons learned is part of your procedures and an expected deliverable from your project management and product methodologies. Ensure that project teams work together to document project best practices and areas of improvement for the next project.</p><p class="nonindent1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #575757; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">The final important step to ensure a successful lessons learned program is a commitment from senior level management. That commitment is visible through regular repository metrics review, action taken to implement best practices, and support to improve negative or re-occurring project trends. In order to keep the value of lessons learned in front of executives, it is critical to keep executive level reporting brief and concise. Recommendations for enhancements to organization processes and procedures and recognitions for best practices should be available on the Summary Page and in the first paragraph of any executive report.</p><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;"><b><span style="color: #575757;"><br /></span></b></span></p><p><br /></p>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-8306815342649265372022-03-20T05:37:00.001-07:002022-03-20T05:37:25.549-07:00SEVEN BASIC QUALITY TOOLS <p style="text-align: center;"> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0 0 0 40px; padding: 0px;"> <blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; width: 541.2px;"><thead style="box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><th style="background: rgb(44, 116, 189); border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: white; padding: 6px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tool</span></th><th style="background: rgb(44, 116, 189); border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: white; padding: 6px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;">Description</span></th></tr></thead><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cause-and-Effect Diagram</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is also known as the “Ishikawa” or “fishbone chart” and can be used to identify the possible causes of a problem.</span></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Check Sheet</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is a generic tool for capturing the frequencies and patterns of events such as defects or problems.</span></td></tr><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Control Chart</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is a graph that tracks how processes change over time.</span></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Histogram</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is a tool for frequency distribution that shows how often different values occur.</span></td></tr><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pareto Chart</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is a bar graph that shows the frequency of events in a process and determines which are the most significant.</span></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Scatter Diagram</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is a graph that pairs variables and looks for relationships between them.</span></td></tr><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">Stratification</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is a technique for separating and analyzing data from different sources to uncover patterns.</span></td></tr></tbody></table></blockquote></blockquote>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-44876433578893174602022-03-20T05:27:00.020-07:002022-03-21T01:01:45.892-07:00ISO 9001 - 2015 <p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333;"> ISO 9001:2015 is an international standard dedicated to Quality Management Systems (QMS). It outlines a framework for improving quality and a vocabulary of understanding for any organization looking to provide products and services that consistently meet the requirements and expectations of customers and other relevant interested parties in the most efficient manner possible.</span><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333;">The QMS is the aggregate of all the processes, resources, assets, and cultural values that support the goal of customer satisfaction and organizational efficiency</span></span></p><p><b style="font-family: arial;"><br /></b></p><p><b style="font-family: arial;">HIGH LEVEL STRUCTURE OF ISO 9001 - 2015 </b></p><p> </p><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 635px;">
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: white; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Section<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: white; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Description<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">1.
Scope<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">ISO
9001:2015 applies to organizations that want to show their ability to meet
customer requirements and regulatory obligations through the development of
consistent products and services.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">2.
Normative Reference<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">ISO
9000:2015 Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary is the
primary supporting document outlining the principles and methodology of ISO
9001:2015.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">3.
Terms and Definitions<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The
controlled vocabulary of ISO 9001:2015 is contained in the document ISO 9000:
2015 Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">4.
Context of the Organization<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Organizations
should identify all issues, requirements, and priorities that are relevant to
their objectives for their QMS, including those of any third-parties. They
should also determine and document the scope of the QMS and the processes
that will contribute to the creation, maintenance, and continuous improvement
of the QMS.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">5. Leadership<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Organizational
leadership should demonstrate its commitment to the QMS by ensuring alignment
with strategic objectives and processes, providing resources as necessary,
and ensuring the achievement of the intended results of customer satisfaction.
The organization must establish regular channels to communicate Quality
values to all employees and delegate responsibilities for maintaining the QMS
to well-trained subject matter experts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">6.
Planning<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Organizations
should consider the context and requirements of all parties to enhance
desired effects, prevent undesired effects, and improve Quality processes.
They can then address the risks and opportunities, integrate actions into the
QMS processes, and evaluate those actions to determine their impact. They
should establish realistic Quality objectives and the means for measuring
their impact, and then implement any required changes to the QMS that are
within the scope of the resources available.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">7.
Support<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Organizations
should determine the resources (people, infrastructure, and environment)
required for the implementation and maintenance of the QMS. They should
ensure that all QMS professionals understand and are trained on their
responsibilities and that the principles of the QMS are communicated widely.
They should also create and maintain all required QMS documentation.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">8.
Operation<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Organizations
should implement the QMS according to the scope that was determined in the
planning stage, ensuring that it is suffciently documented and meets the
requirements of customers, regulators, and stakeholders. They should also
ensure that all suppliers and vendors conform to these same standards.
Products and services that are not ready to meet QMS standards should not be
released to the public, and all nonconformities should be documented and
addressed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">9.
Performance Evaluation<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Organizations
should use internal audits to measure, analyze, and evaluate the
effectiveness of the QMS to ensure that it is meeting customer requirements
for consistent products and services. They must identify and take corrective
action on any non-conformity and should review the QMS regularly to ensure
that it aligns with the overall QMS strategy.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">10.
Improvement<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 9.5pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Organizations
should identify opportunities for continual improvement, take immediate
corrective actions for nonconformities, and retain controlled documentation
of all improvement activities on a continuing basis.</span><span style="font-family: Lora;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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</tbody></table><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 7.15pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
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<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top: .25pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 9.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b></p>
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-left: 102.0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Mandatory</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Documents</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top: .25pt;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></b></p>
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-left: .5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">ISO</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.15pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">9001:2015</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.2pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Clause</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.15pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.8pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Scope </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Quality</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Management</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">System</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.8pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">4.3</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Quality</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> Policy</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">5.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 25.7pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 25.7pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.8pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Quality</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Objectives</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and </span>Plans<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Achieving</span>
<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Them</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 25.7pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.8pt; text-align: center;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">6.2</span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table></div><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><h2 style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #303030; font-family: Montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: -0.8px; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px;"></h2><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 7.15pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody><tr style="height: 32.65pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: gray; height: 32.65pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: .4pt; margin-top: 8.7pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Mandatory</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Records</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: gray; height: 32.65pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 8.7pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">ISO</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.15pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">9001:2015</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.2pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Clause</span></b></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 28.55pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 28.55pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 46.95pt; margin-top: .55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Maintenance</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Calibration</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of Monitoring and</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Measuring</span> <span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Equipment</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 28.55pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 7.25pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">7.1.5.1</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.65pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Competence
Records</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">7.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Product/Service
Requirements Review Record</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.2.3.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.65pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span>New<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">
Requirements</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">for Product</span> <span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">or</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Service</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.2.3.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 25.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 25.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Design<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Development</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Inputs</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Record</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 25.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.3.3</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table></div><div><span style="color: #303030; font-family: Montserrat, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br /></span></span></div><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 7.15pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody><tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.85pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span>Design<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Development</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Controls</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.85pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.3.4</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.15pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.15pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Design<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Development</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Outputs
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Record</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.15pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.3.5</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span>Design<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Development</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Changes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.3.6</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Evaluation</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of External</span> <span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Provider</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">(supplier)</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.4.1</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Product/Service</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Characteristics</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.5.1</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span>Changes<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">on</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Customer’s</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Property</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.5.3</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span>Changes<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Production/Service</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Provision</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.5.6</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.15pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.15pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Evidence</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Product/Service</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Conformity</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.15pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.6</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Record</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Nonconformity</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.7.2,</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">10.2.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Monitoring
Performance</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Information</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">9.1.1</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Internal</span>
Audit<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Program and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Results</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 26.9pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">9.2.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Management</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Review</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Results</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 27.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">9.3</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 25.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 12; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 25.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 310.7pt;" valign="top" width="414">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.55pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Nonconformities</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Corrective</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Action</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; height: 25.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 169.25pt;" valign="top" width="226">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.55pt; text-align: center;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">10.2.2</span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table></div><p><br /></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.7pt; margin-right: 53.4pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">These</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>are<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">documents</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">records</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>that<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>are<span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span>required<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">to</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">be</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">maintained</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>ISO<span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">9001</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Quality</span><span style="letter-spacing: 3.85pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Management</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">System,</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">but</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">you</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">should</span> also<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">maintain</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">any</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>other<span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">records</span><span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;">
</span>that<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">you</span> <span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">have</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">identified</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span>as<span style="letter-spacing: 4.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">necessary</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">to</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">ensure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">your</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>management<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">system can</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">function,</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">be</span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">maintained,</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">improve</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">over</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">time.</span></span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.7pt; margin-right: 53.4pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"><br /></span></span></p><h3 style="line-height: 32.3pt; margin-left: 33.6pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -27.9pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Commonly</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">used</span>
<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">non-mandatory documents <span style="font-weight: 400;"> </span></span></span></h3><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 7.85pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody><tr style="height: 33.4pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: gray; height: 33.4pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top: .15pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b></p>
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-left: 87.65pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Non-Mandatory</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Procedures</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: gray; height: 33.4pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top: 0.15pt; text-align: left;"><b><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></span></b></p>
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-left: 44.35pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">ISO</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.15pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">9001</span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: .05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="color: white; letter-spacing: -.05pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;">Clause</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.2pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Determining
Context</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Organization</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Interested</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Parties</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.5pt; margin-top: 6.2pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">4.1,</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">4.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.6pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.6pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.3pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span>Addressing<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Risks<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Opportunities</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.6pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.4pt; margin-top: 6.3pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">6.1.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.2pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Competence,</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Training and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span>Awareness<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Procedure</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.5pt; margin-top: 6.2pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">7.2,</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">7.3</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.2pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Control</span> <span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Documents </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Records</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.2pt; margin-top: 6.2pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">7.5</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.6pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.6pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.3pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Sales</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.6pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.2pt; margin-top: 6.3pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.8pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.8pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.2pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span>Design<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Development</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.8pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.2pt; margin-top: 6.2pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.3</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 41.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-top: none; height: 41.1pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 48.95pt; margin-top: 5.0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Control</span> <span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Externally</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Provided</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Processes,</span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Products
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Services</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> (outsourced</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">processes)</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border: none; height: 41.1pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-top: .15pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></span></b></p>
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-right: .45pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.4.1</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.15pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Production</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Service</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Provision</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.2pt; margin-top: 6.15pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.5</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.6pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.6pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.35pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Warehousing
Procedure</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.6pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.45pt; margin-top: 6.35pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">8.5.4</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
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<tr style="height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.2pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Measuring
Customer</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Satisfaction</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.45pt; margin-top: 6.2pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">9.1.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.2pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Internal</span>
Audit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.2pt; margin-top: 6.2pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">9.2</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.6pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 27.6pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.1pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Management</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span>Review<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 27.6pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.2pt; margin-top: 6.1pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">9.3</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 25.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-yfti-irow: 13; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; border-top: none; height: 25.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 302.85pt;" valign="top" width="404">
<p class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.2pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Nonconformity</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Corrective</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Action</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-right: solid #F1F1F1 4.5pt; border: none; height: 25.45pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #F1F1F1 6.0pt; mso-height-rule: exactly; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 159.9pt;" valign="top" width="213">
<p align="center" class="TableParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 1.45pt; margin-top: 6.2pt; text-align: center;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;">10.2</span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table><p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.7pt; margin-right: 53.2pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.7pt; margin-right: 53.2pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">While<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>ISO<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">9001</span><span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>does<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">not</span><span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">require</span><span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"> </span>that<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">you</span><span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">document</span><span style="letter-spacing: .7pt;"> </span>all<span style="letter-spacing: .7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">procedures,</span><span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>there<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"> </span>are<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">several</span><span style="letter-spacing: .7pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">processes</span><span style="letter-spacing: 3.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">that</span><span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span>are<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">mandatory</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">to</span><span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">be</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">established</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">order</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">to</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">generate</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">required</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">records</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">that</span><span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>are<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">outlined</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">
</span>in<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: 3.55pt;"> </span>first<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">section.</span><span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Remember</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">these</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">processes</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">procedures</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>are<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">not</span><span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">required</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">to</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">be</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">documented;</span><span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">however,</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">many</span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">companies</span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">choose</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">to</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">do</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">so.</span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">One</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>rule<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">thumb</span><span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>when<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">deciding</span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>if<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">you</span><span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span>want<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">to</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">document</span>
a<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">process</span><span style="letter-spacing: 3.25pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">this:</span><span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>if<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">there</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">chance</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>that<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">process</span><span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>won’t<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">be</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>carried<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">out</span><span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span>as<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">planned,</span><span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">then</span><span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">you</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">should</span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">document</span><span style="letter-spacing: 3.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">it.</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;">In</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">many</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">cases</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">this</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">the</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">best</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.15pt;"> </span>way<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">to</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">ensure</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">that</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">your</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Quality</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Management </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">System</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">reliably</span><span style="letter-spacing: 3.25pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">implemented.</span></span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.7pt; margin-right: 53.2pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.7pt; margin-right: 53.2pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; text-align: justify;"><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -37.2px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.7pt; margin-right: 53.2pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; text-align: justify;"><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -37.2px;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.7pt; margin-right: 53.2pt; margin-top: 2.8pt; text-align: justify;"><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -37.2px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">HOW TO STRUCTURE DOCUMENT AND RECORDS </span></b></p><div style="text-indent: -37.2px;"><br /></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>QMS Scope </b></span> </p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">This document is usually rather short, and written at the beginning of the ISO 9001 implementation. Its
purpose is to define the boundaries of the QMS and to determine to which parts of the organization the
QMS applies. Normally, it is a standalone document called Scope of the QMS, although it can be merged
into a Quality Manual. </span></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Quality Policy </b></span> </p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">The Quality Policy is intended to be a company’s documented intention to comply with appropriate
requirements, increase customer satisfaction, and continually improve. The policy is the focus for the
company to work toward and should readily convey the goal of the organization. It is a standalone
document, but is often documented in a Quality Manual and sometimes posted throughout the
organization as a way of communicating to all employees, since it is important that every employee
understand how the policy relates to his or her job. For more information, see How to Write a Good
Quality Policy. </span></p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Risks and Opportunities that need to be addressed</b></span></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This is a new requirement that introduces significant changes to the QMS. According to the new version,
the risks and opportunities regarding the QMS must be identified and addressed, but there is no
requirement to use any methodology or write a procedure. The process of addressing risks and
opportunities includes consideration of internal and external issues relevant to the QMS, interested
parties, and scope of the QMS. Considering the importance of this new requirement and the fact that it introduces a completely new process into the organization, it is recommended that it be documented in
the form of a procedure.</span></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Quality Objectives and Plans for Achieving Them</b></span> </p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">The requirements regarding setting the quality objectives remained as they were in the previous version
of the standard; they still need to be measurable and timed. However, the standard now requires plans
for achieving the objectives, meaning that the organization will have to assign responsibilities and
dedicate resources for achieving the objectives. These requirements can be met in separate documents,
but it is much easier to create a Quality Objectives document and fulfill all the above-mentioned
requirements</span><br /><b><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: arial;">Competence, Training and Awareness records </span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">Introducing quality management into an organization often requires additional training of relevant
employees. Describing the process of managing human resources by documenting a procedure that
defines identification of training needs, training planning, conducting and evaluation of training
effectiveness, as well as assigning responsibilities for this, is the best way to ensure that the requirements
are met. Although it is not a requirement of the standard, good practice shows that the Procedure for
Competence, Training and Awareness can be of great help to an organization. The standard explicitly
requires only the evidence of competence, and that is the Training Record.</span></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Procedure for Control of Documents and Records </span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Managing documented information is defined by many requirements within clause 7.5 in the standard.
Activities of approval, update, managing changes, and ensuring that the relevant version of the document
is in use are best to be defined in a documented procedure.
The company must also define rules to maintain its records that show the QMS is implemented and
maintained, including how they identify, store, and protect the records so that they can be retrieved as
necessary, for the correct amount of time, and destroyed when no longer needed but not before. If you
need more information, see New approach to document and record control in ISO 9001:2015.</span></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Procedure for Design and Development </b></span></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Requirements regarding the design and development process are among the most demanding in the
standard. Every step of the design and development process needs to be documented in the form of a
record, from design and development inputs, controls, and outputs, to changes in design and
development. Considering all the requirements regarding the design and development process, it is best
to document the Procedure for Design and Development and define all mandatory records that should
accompany the procedure.</span></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Procedure for control of externally provided processes</span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">Products and services (outsourced processes)
Creators of the standard decided to use this rather robust formulation of something that is basically the
Procedure for Purchasing and Evaluation of Suppliers. Although the purchasing process doesn’t have to
be documented, the standard requires companies to establish control over its externally provided
processes, products, and services. The standard does require the criteria for evaluation, selection,
monitoring, and re-evaluation of the suppliers to be documented, and the best way to do it is through the
procedure.</span><br /><b><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">for</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">production </span><span style="font-family: arial;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">service</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">provision</span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">standard</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">requires</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">production</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">service</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">provision</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">processes</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">be</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">under</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">control</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">terms</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">availability</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">necessary</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">documented</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">information</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">about</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">product</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">or</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">service</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">characteristics,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">intended</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">results,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">availability</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">needed</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">resources,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">monitoring</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">measurement</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">activities,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">etc.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">This</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">rather</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">complex</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">process</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">will</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">hardly</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">achieve</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">intended</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">outcomes</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">without</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">clearly</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">defined</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">rules</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">documented</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.55pt;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Production</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Service</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Provision</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">.</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 8pt;"> </span><br /><b><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Warehousing</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">procedure</span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">importance</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">necessity</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">this</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">procedure</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">will</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">vary</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">depending</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">on</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">type</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">business</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">company</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.85pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">performs,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">but</span><span style="font-family: arial;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">requirement</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">product</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">preservation</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">is</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">one</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">most</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">crucial
ones</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">way</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">product</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">or</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">service</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">toward</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">end</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">user.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">In</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">cases</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">when</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">storage</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">conditions</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">can</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">have</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">great</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">influence</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">on</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">product</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">quality,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">rules</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">preservation</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">product</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">during</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">storage</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">should</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">be</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">documented</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 4.15pt;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Warehousing Procedure</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">.</span></span></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><b><br /><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Monitoring</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">performance</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">information</span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">new</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">version</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">standard</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">emphasizes</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">importance</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">measuring</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">evaluation</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">QMS</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">performance.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">organization</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">needs</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">determine</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.35pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">what</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">should</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">be</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">monitored,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">how,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">when.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.65pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">This</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">doesn’t</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">have</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">be</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">one</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">document,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.95pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">meaning</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">that</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">necessary</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.1pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">monitorin</span><span style="font-family: arial;">g</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">measuring</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.1pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">is</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">usually</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">included</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">related</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">process</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">procedures.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">But,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">it</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">is</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">good</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">have</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">an</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">overview</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">key</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">performance</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">indicators</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">their</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> status </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">form</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">a</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Matrix</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span>Key <span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Performance</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">Indicators</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">.</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.0666667px;"><br /></span></span><b><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Internal</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">audit</span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">How</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">do</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">you</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">audit</span><span style="font-family: arial;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">your</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Quality</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Management</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">System
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">make</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> sure</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">that</span><span style="font-family: arial;">
it</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">is</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">performing </span><span style="font-family: arial;">as</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">planned</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">is</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 4.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">effective?</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Who</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">is</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">responsible</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">planning</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">carrying</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">out</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">audits</span><span style="font-family: arial;">?</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">How</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">do</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">you</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">report</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">results,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 4.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">what</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">records</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">are</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">kept?</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">How</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">do</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">you</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">follow</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">up</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">on</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">corrective</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">actions</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">noted</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">audits?</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Learn</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">more</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">this</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">article</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">about</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Five</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Main</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Steps</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">ISO</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">9001</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Internal</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.95pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">Audit</span><span style="font-family: arial;">.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">You</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">must</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">also</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">keep</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">records</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">these</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">activities</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">show</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">QMS</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">conformance</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">improvement.</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.0666667px;"><br /></span></span><b><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Management</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">review</span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Management</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">review</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">as</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">a</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">process</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">hasn’t</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">suffered</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">any</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">changes</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">new</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">ISO</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">9001:2015</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">revision</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial;">in</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">terms</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 4.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">how</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">how</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">often</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">it</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">should</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.75pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">be</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">conducted.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">However,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">mandatory</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">inputs</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">outputs</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">management</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">review</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">have</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">changed.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">It</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">is</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">now</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">required</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">top</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">management</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.7pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">review</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">internal</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">external</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">issues</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">relevant</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">QMS,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.7pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">as</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">well</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.95pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">as</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">effectiveness</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">actions</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">taken</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">address</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">risks</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.85pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 4.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">opportunities.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">As</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">a</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">result </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">management </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">review,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">there</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">should</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">be</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">decisions</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">regarding</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">opportunities</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">improvement</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">QMS,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.45pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">need</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">changes</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">system,</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">resources</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.6pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">needed.</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">best</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">way</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0.65pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 3.75pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">keep</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">track</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">what</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">needs</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">be</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">reviewed</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">expected</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">results</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">of</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">management</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">review</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">is</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 2.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">document</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">the </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Procedure</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">for</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Management</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Review</span><span style="font-family: arial;">.</span><br /><b><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: arial;">Nonconformity and corrective action</span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">What actions are in place, and who is responsible for making sure that a nonconformity is addressed? How do you ensure that corrections are made, and what records are kept of the process? Find out more here: Understanding dispositions for ISO 9001 nonconforming product. How do you review nonconformities, determine causes, and evaluate the need for actions to correct them? How do you implement the necessary actions, review that the actions were effective, and keep records of the actions taken? With the Quality Management System you will find that you have non-conformances occur within your processes that you will need to correct; and when you investigate the root cause of these problems, you will have corrective actions taken. You will also need to keep records of these activities to show improvement. Learn how to do this with Seven Steps for Corrective and Preventive Actions to support Continual Improvement.</span></p></blockquote><p>
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</p><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><p><b style="font-family: arial;">SEVEN QUALITY PRINCIPLES </b></p><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="text-align: center;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 541px;">
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<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b>Principle<o:p></o:p></b></p>
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<td style="background: rgb(255, 192, 0); border-left: none; border: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 276.15pt;" width="368">
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Description</span><o:p></o:p></b></p>
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-top: none; border: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); mso-border-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 129.75pt;" width="173">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Customer
Focus</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-left: none; border-right: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 276.15pt;" width="368">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Customer
focus means exceeding customer expectations and providing satisfaction and
value with every customer interaction. It requires an organization to link
every business objective to customer needs and to recognize that customers
are those that have both direct and indirect relationships with an
organization.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); mso-border-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 129.75pt;" width="173">
<p class="MsoNormal">Leadership<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-left: none; border-right: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 276.15pt;" width="368">
<p class="MsoNormal">Leadership must commit to ensuring the availability of all
resources for Quality projects and to providing positive role models through
active participation, proactive communication of vision and strategy, and an
organization-wide engagement with a Culture of Quality.<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-top: none; border: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); mso-border-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 129.75pt;" width="173">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Engagement
of People</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-left: none; border-right: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 276.15pt;" width="368">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Organizations
must engage and empower competent and motivated workers while encouraging
everyone to contribute and collaborate.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); mso-border-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 129.75pt;" width="173">
<p class="MsoNormal">Process Approach<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-left: none; border-right: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 276.15pt;" width="368">
<p class="MsoNormal">A process approach recognizes that processes must be part
of a unified and consistent system that produces predictable results,
illuminates elements that require improvement, and addresses all risks that
have an impact on process outcomes.<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-top: none; border: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); mso-border-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 129.75pt;" width="173">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Improvement</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-left: none; border-right: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 276.15pt;" width="368">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">An ongoing
dedication to improvement reacts to changes in external and internal
conditions to create new opportunities by focusing on root-cause
determination and preventative and corrective actions.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); mso-border-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 129.75pt;" width="173">
<p class="MsoNormal">Evidence-Based Decision Making<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-left: none; border-right: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 276.15pt;" width="368">
<p class="MsoNormal">Making decisions based on statistical evidence provides
greater objectivity, effectiveness, and effciency to an organization and
makes it easier to review results for ongoing improvement.<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-top: none; border: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); mso-border-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 129.75pt;" width="173">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Relationship
Management</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="background: white; border-bottom: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-left: none; border-right: 1.5pt solid rgb(68, 114, 196); border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-left-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4472C4 1.5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 4.5pt; width: 276.15pt;" width="368">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Organizations
must account for and manage relationships with all vendors, partners, and
suppliers to understand the constraints, opportunities, and risks for each.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table><br /></div></blockquote></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>SEVEN BASIC QUALITY TOOLS </b></span></p><p> </p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; width: 541.2px;"><thead style="box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><th style="background: rgb(44, 116, 189); border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Tool</span></th><th style="background: rgb(44, 116, 189); border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Description</span></th></tr></thead><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Cause-and-Effect Diagram</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This is also known as the “Ishikawa” or “fishbone chart” and can be used to identify the possible causes of a problem.</span></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Check Sheet</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This is a generic tool for capturing the frequencies and patterns of events such as defects or problems.</span></td></tr><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Control Chart</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This is a graph that tracks how processes change over time.</span></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Histogram</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This is a tool for frequency distribution that shows how often different values occur.</span></td></tr><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Pareto Chart</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This is a bar graph that shows the frequency of events in a process and determines which are the most significant.</span></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Scatter Diagram</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This is a graph that pairs variables and looks for relationships between them.</span></td></tr><tr style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box;"><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Stratification</span></td><td style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.8em; padding: 6px;"><span style="font-family: arial;">This is a technique for separating and analyzing data from different sources to uncover patterns.</span></td></tr></tbody></table></blockquote></blockquote><p> </p>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-43284689883893948912021-11-08T03:18:00.002-08:002021-11-08T03:18:33.953-08:00API 650 VS API 620<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjL9lAfYhYhgPmSZn92oZXVEO4wFjt3aEoO4iQpgtRFknfTEBhOkEbIW7WWWU13xER_oN4IdezNc9V2ehyphenhyphen6TE4Ko-LJs-BoWBX7sfzRQebEBx9wzfjVO4Yk_ZbcZOEfxjL0K6-z9rBpbYI/s878/zc+zc.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="878" data-original-width="808" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjL9lAfYhYhgPmSZn92oZXVEO4wFjt3aEoO4iQpgtRFknfTEBhOkEbIW7WWWU13xER_oN4IdezNc9V2ehyphenhyphen6TE4Ko-LJs-BoWBX7sfzRQebEBx9wzfjVO4Yk_ZbcZOEfxjL0K6-z9rBpbYI/s16000/zc+zc.png" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-25212109530624235262021-01-05T07:12:00.000-08:002021-01-05T07:12:04.641-08:00FABRICATION/CONSTRUCTION CODE AND CORRESPONDING REPAIR CODE<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinKEnpnCmsYSouT0jwmNu1cRb1B6cmytkyP9rnnRplev5ETa7XJ8oiLRA99V3l8Y67160YXweO9FzHxeUVH4dzMkkyiv3G7XwQ3lg7vk7vQNTuBo_3el76luJY-NkK5wrXftRbOIdLJHM/s1607/image_7875741e-7d0f-4908-be10-c918abc4e68a20210105_204013.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1607" data-original-width="1080" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinKEnpnCmsYSouT0jwmNu1cRb1B6cmytkyP9rnnRplev5ETa7XJ8oiLRA99V3l8Y67160YXweO9FzHxeUVH4dzMkkyiv3G7XwQ3lg7vk7vQNTuBo_3el76luJY-NkK5wrXftRbOIdLJHM/w430-h640/image_7875741e-7d0f-4908-be10-c918abc4e68a20210105_204013.jpg" width="430" /></a></div><p></p>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-52482998148973672312017-02-23T02:12:00.000-08:002017-02-23T02:12:28.254-08:00REPAIR - CUTOUT - REWELD <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "tahoma" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.6667px;"><br /></span>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVW73yzShmVuaLYvTXiN9Tf21C0KiZwkMPaK7kAwoWy6rw_oPuhyphenhyphenw_7ADurj9-1jVx0koEsIted5Gs3i0oBY-y4QBuUVnhZljpfMFDsPdEU0c8BpHYEZ44vKGrOcdzdsVbeIztN0RmukU/s1600/2009-3040r.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="173" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVW73yzShmVuaLYvTXiN9Tf21C0KiZwkMPaK7kAwoWy6rw_oPuhyphenhyphenw_7ADurj9-1jVx0koEsIted5Gs3i0oBY-y4QBuUVnhZljpfMFDsPdEU0c8BpHYEZ44vKGrOcdzdsVbeIztN0RmukU/s320/2009-3040r.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "tahoma" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><u>REPAIR :</u></b></span></div>
<span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "tahoma" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.6667px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "tahoma" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Repair can mean removing the nonconforming portion of a weld, confirming that it has been removed and replacing the removed portion with weld metal and then confirming the repaired weld is sound.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "tahoma" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><u><br /></u></span>
<span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "tahoma" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><u>CUTOUT:</u></b></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "tahoma" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: #f6f6f6; font-family: "tahoma" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Cut out and Replace means just that; the complete, nonconforming weld is fully removed, the weld bevels re-established and completely welded anew.</span></div>
Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-87398759806498052932017-02-15T23:39:00.003-08:002017-02-15T23:48:41.145-08:00PWHT - OLETS <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<b><span style="color: #741b47; font-size: large;">PWHT - ON OLETS ( ASME 31.3 )</span></b><br />
<b><br /></b> <b><br /></b> <b><br /></b>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSFyHEOlBQTYytlzk9_QDWbrOLiinPo9rFCoT3aQAG21c2TJDOmYHFQMPvRXKS-kUbBut-WmQywI3anR3rRQhyphenhyphenz-be3asw7eg-8rICV7ONtpMNupmy4xl327cFZ_AyLAJTxT84dLIHrMw/s1600/dim_weldolet_red.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSFyHEOlBQTYytlzk9_QDWbrOLiinPo9rFCoT3aQAG21c2TJDOmYHFQMPvRXKS-kUbBut-WmQywI3anR3rRQhyphenhyphenz-be3asw7eg-8rICV7ONtpMNupmy4xl327cFZ_AyLAJTxT84dLIHrMw/s640/dim_weldolet_red.gif" width="640" /></a></div>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>K331.1.3 Governing Thickness:</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When components are joined by welding, the thickness to be used in applying<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;"> the heat treatment provisions of Table 331.1.1</span>shall be that of the thicker component measured at the joint<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">, except as follows:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">In the case of fillet welds used for attachment of external </span><span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">non-pressure parts, such as lugs or other pipe supporting </span><span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">elements, heat treatment is required when </span><span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">the thickness through the weld and base metal in any </span><span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">plane is more than twice the minimum material thickness </span>requiring heat treatment (even though the thickness of the components at the joint is less than that minimum thickness<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">) except as follows:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">(a) not required for P-No. 1 materials when weld</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">throat thickness is 16 mm (5⁄8 in.) or less, regardless of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">base metal thickness.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">(b) not required for P-Nos. 3, 4, 5, 10A, and 10B materials</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">when weld throat thickness is 6 mm (1⁄4 in.) or less,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">regardless of base metal thickness, provided that not</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">less than the recommended minimum preheat is applied</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">and the specified minimum tensile strength of the base</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">metal is less than 490 MPa (71 ksi).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">(c) not required for ferritic materials when welds are</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">made with filler metal that does not air harden. Austenitic</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">welding materials may be used for welds to ferritic</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">materials when the effects of service conditions, such</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">as differential thermal expansion due to elevated temperature,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">or corrosion, will not adversely affect the</span><span style="font-family: MetaBoldLF-Roman;">weldment.</span></div>
</div>
Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-41805414686352784102013-01-26T10:11:00.000-08:002013-01-26T10:36:45.720-08:00 TOLERANCES FOR SHIP/ MODU BUILDING -ABS - IACS REC 47 <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-60724764825378278042012-10-15T22:32:00.000-07:002012-10-15T22:47:57.000-07:00ASME PRESSURE TEST MATRIX<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="background: white; border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 760px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><h3>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>Code</b></span></h3>
</td><td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-left: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><h3>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>Test type </b></span></h3>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-left: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><h3>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>Mentioned Test pressure </b></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>minimum</b></span></h3>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-left: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><h3>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>Mentioned Test pressure</b></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>
maximum </b></span></h3>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-left: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><h3>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>Test pressure minimal </b></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>hold time</b></span></h3>
</td>
<td style="background: #F1F1F1; border-left: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><h3>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>Examination</b></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b>
pressure</b></span></h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME B31.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hydrostatic (</span><span style="color: #e61b31; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.5 times design<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Max allowable test
pressure any component or 90 percent of yield<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME B31.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pneumatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.2 times design<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.5 times design or
max allowable test pressure any componenet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Lower of 100 psig or
design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME B31.1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Initial service<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Normal operating
pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Normal operating
pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes or time
to complete leak examination<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Normal operating
pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME B31.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hydrostatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1,5 times design (</span><span style="color: #e61b31; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Not to exceed yield
stress<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Time to complete
leak examination but at least 10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.5 times design<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME B31.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pneumatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.1 times design<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.1 times design
plus the lesser of 50 psi or 10 percent of test pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME B31.3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Initial service (</span><span style="color: #e61b31; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Time to complete
leak examination<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME I<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hydrostatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.5 times max
allowable working pressure (</span><span style="color: #e61b31; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Not to exceed 90
percent yield stress<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Not specified,
typically 1 hr<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Max allowable
working pressure (</span><span style="color: #e61b31; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME III<br />
Division 1 Subsection NB<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hydrostatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.25 times system
design pressure (</span><span style="color: #e61b31; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Not to exceed stress
limits of design section NB-3226 or maximum test pressure of any system
componenet (</span><span style="color: #e61b31; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Greater of design
pressure or 0,75 times test pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME III<br />
Division 1 Subsection NB<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pneumatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.25 times system
design pressure (</span><span style="color: #e61b31; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Not to exceed stress
limits of design section NB-3226 or maximum test pressure of any system
componenet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Greater of design
pressure or 0,75 times test pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME III<br />
Division 1 Subsection NC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hydrostatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.5 times system
design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If minimum test
pressure exceeded by 6 percent establish limit by the lower of analysis
of all test loadings or maximum test pressure of any componenet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 or 15 minutes per
inch of design minimum wall thickness for pumps and Valves<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Greater of design
pressure or 0,75 times test pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME III<br />
Division 1 Subsection NC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pneumatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.25 times system
design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If minimum test
pressure exceeded by 6 percent establish limit by the lower of analysis
of all test loadings or maximum test pressure of any componenet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Greater of design
pressure or 0,75 times test pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME III<br />
Division 1 Subsection ND<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hydrostatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.5 times system
design pressure for completed components, 1,25 times system design pressure
for piping systems<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If minimum test
pressure exceeded by 6 percent establish limit by the lower of analysis
of all test loadings or maximum test pressure of any componenet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Greater of design
pressure or 0,75 times test pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASME III<br />
Division 1 Subsection ND<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pneumatic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.25 times system
design pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If minimum test
pressure exceeded by 6 percent establish limit by the lower of analysis
of all test loadings or maximum test pressure of any componenet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10 minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #CCCCCC .75pt; padding: 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt 2.7pt;" valign="top"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.25pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Greater of design
pressure or 0,75 times test pressure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">Notes:</i><br />
<br />
<b class="google2" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #e61b31; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">1.</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, tahoma; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> Boiler external piping must be hydrostatic tested in accordance with PG-99 of ASME Code Section I.</span><br />
<br />
<b class="google2" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #e61b31; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">2.</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, tahoma; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> ASME B31.3 hydrostatic pressure must be raised above 1.5 times design pressure in proportion to yield strength at test temperature divided by strength at design temperature but not to exceed yield strength at test temperature. Where a vessel is involved whose design pressure is less than the piping and where vessel cannot be isolated, the piping and vessel can be tested together at vessel test pressure provided vessel test pressure is not less than 77 percent of piping test pressure.</span><br />
<br />
<b class="google2" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #e61b31; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">3.</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, tahoma; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> ASME B31.3 initial service testing permitted only for piping in category D service.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, tahoma; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> </span><b class="google2" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #e61b31; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">4.</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, tahoma; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> ASME Code Section I hydrostatic test pressure at temperature of at least 70°F (21°C) and examination pressure at temperature less than 120°F (49°C). For a forced-flow steam generator with pressure parts designed for different pressure levels, the test pressure should be at least 1.5 times the maximum allowable working pressure at the superheater outlet but not less than 1.25 times the maximum allowable working pressure of any part of the boiler.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, tahoma; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> </span><b class="google2" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #e61b31; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">5.</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, tahoma; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> ASME Code Section III, Division 1, subsection NB, test pressure limits defined in section NB3226; also components containing brazed joints and Valves to be tested at 1.5 times system-design pressure prior to installation.</span><br />
<br />
<b class="google2" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #e61b31; font-family: georgia; font-size: 16px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">6.</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, tahoma; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> ASME Code Section III, Division 1, subsection NB, pneumatic test pressure for components partially filled with water shall not be less than 1.25 times system-design pressure.</span>
</div>
</div>
Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-75537177461491318902011-09-23T03:36:00.000-07:002011-09-23T03:36:49.615-07:00ISOMETRIC CHECKLIST - PIPING<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #1a0603; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span> <!--[endif]--><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #1a0603; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 4.55pt; width: 305px;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PIPING ISOMETRIC CHECK LIST</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
</span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Title block.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>North arrow orientation.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Line continuation - ISO index.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Matching isometrics and elevation.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l30 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Equipment location to grid.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Equipment terminal details.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Location to grid/equipment.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo8; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Structural penetrations.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo9; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Locations of item .</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Line content.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Flow arrow.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo12; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Pipeline number and elevations.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo13; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Fabrication type.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 14;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo14; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Dimensional completion.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo15; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Valve orientation.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Fabrication limits.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 17;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo17; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Field weld locations.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 18;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo18; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Make-up weld locations.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo19; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Cut to fit dimensions.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 20;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo20; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Spool number sequence.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 21;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo21; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Pipe support locations.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 22;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo22; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Hydrotest requirements.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 23;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo23; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Flushing requirements.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 24;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo24; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Insulation limits.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 25;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo25; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Heat tracing limits.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 26;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo26; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Piping bills of materials completeness.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 27;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo27; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Piping insulation materials completeness.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 28;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo28; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Specials list completeness.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 29;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l29 level1 lfo29; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Assemblies list completeness.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 30;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo30; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Tagged item list completeness.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 31; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 205.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="273"> <ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo31; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span> </span>Fabrication requirements .</span></li>
</ul></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-27532823559173558372011-09-23T03:23:00.000-07:002011-09-23T03:23:30.377-07:00MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN WELDS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIonODJk72OEvF3sv48FQ_y3d38BoolZ5nvVoeYxMyPIxHjVQlz2KPaeRZZPrfYr71d2xeFLpbPQqblP6MQisXGcxp8cHfjOFsAzu-twfc5LDNk2Wgan7FhAhGzbpaP0nSsJiUAqm6v30/s1600/Minimum+Distance+between+welds.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIonODJk72OEvF3sv48FQ_y3d38BoolZ5nvVoeYxMyPIxHjVQlz2KPaeRZZPrfYr71d2xeFLpbPQqblP6MQisXGcxp8cHfjOFsAzu-twfc5LDNk2Wgan7FhAhGzbpaP0nSsJiUAqm6v30/s640/Minimum+Distance+between+welds.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglvB6p5aRKo8ciwJevfMy7jN7Yxvte8x4OqXUyfmH8EZwXGX3MK2CkzyQ0wt5J4VzE7X_-zuBukO8PiRCv5zO14Y9whG7_b7TCjCYMLL-68i1171U3hyjDsoIoeKkb8AdHcckF89k0BSo/s1600/Piping+Info++Piping+Joints.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglvB6p5aRKo8ciwJevfMy7jN7Yxvte8x4OqXUyfmH8EZwXGX3MK2CkzyQ0wt5J4VzE7X_-zuBukO8PiRCv5zO14Y9whG7_b7TCjCYMLL-68i1171U3hyjDsoIoeKkb8AdHcckF89k0BSo/s1600/Piping+Info++Piping+Joints.png" /></a></div><br />
</div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-62288128805624881332011-09-17T00:39:00.000-07:002011-09-17T00:39:51.814-07:00PIPING ROLLING OFFSET<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXxQwcmE9z14ukHiTHKPPxD1Aq6jHyOaB9wNSsIKgH6hemGWE565pHE3DLIOfU7iFQCAYsg90lO2EXjDlZWvirU7zeiEfraIr9ZEmTyz46xuCPlTIIAq4u6ogn3OOFVdOXcasOI-gjO5E/s1600/rf.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXxQwcmE9z14ukHiTHKPPxD1Aq6jHyOaB9wNSsIKgH6hemGWE565pHE3DLIOfU7iFQCAYsg90lO2EXjDlZWvirU7zeiEfraIr9ZEmTyz46xuCPlTIIAq4u6ogn3OOFVdOXcasOI-gjO5E/s640/rf.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFUFLl7a_mlGKYsMkpTBS1qJ2HKjmbRbpcSKP3teUbOjQmFojFR-4t7V7VeIycbS0dmf0qlgFJCEYT-TWpsntGMcG_NAL2Rld7KL06HtwzAbp9CLf_ZuKyZEhJMdmoKHcJq39GCel9px0/s1600/ROLLED+PIPE+FORMULA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFUFLl7a_mlGKYsMkpTBS1qJ2HKjmbRbpcSKP3teUbOjQmFojFR-4t7V7VeIycbS0dmf0qlgFJCEYT-TWpsntGMcG_NAL2Rld7KL06HtwzAbp9CLf_ZuKyZEhJMdmoKHcJq39GCel9px0/s1600/ROLLED+PIPE+FORMULA.jpg" /></a></div><br />
</div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-41792460262496725452011-07-08T06:43:00.002-07:002022-03-21T07:14:12.023-07:00ISO 9001 - 2008 QMS<h3 style="line-height: 16.5pt;"><u><span face=""Calibri","sans-serif"" style="background: yellow; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-highlight: yellow;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ISO 9001 QUALITY SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS</span></u><u><span face=""Calibri","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></h3><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif"">Quality policy</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif"">Quality objectives</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif"">A quality manual</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif"">Other documents</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif""> required for effective planning, operation and control<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="color: #555555; line-height: 16.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span color="windowtext" face=""Verdana","sans-serif"">The following<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>21 </span></b><span color="windowtext"><span face=""Verdana","sans-serif"">records specified by ISO 9001</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana, sans-serif"> </span></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><br />
</div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><thead>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Cambria, serif;"><b><u><br />
</u></b></span></div></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">ISO CLAUSE </span></b></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"> <b> DESCRIPTION</b></span></td><td style="padding: 0.75pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;"><br />
<b>EXAMPLE DOCUMENTS</b></span></td> </tr>
</thead> <tbody>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/5.6-management-review.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">5.6.1 </span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Management reviews </span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Management review minutes <o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/6.2-human-resources.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">6.2.2e </span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Education, training, skills and experience<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Training plan, training matrix, training records and CVs <o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.1-process-planning.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.1d </span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Evidence that the realization processes and resulting product fulfill requirements <o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Project quality plan <o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.2-customer-processes.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.2.2</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Results of the review of requirements related to the product and actions arising from the review<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Change review<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.3-design-and-development.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.3.2</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Design and development inputs</span><span style="color: black;"> relating to product requirements <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Customer specifications, design approval logs <o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.3-design-and-development.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.3.4 </span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Results of </span><span style="color: black;">design and development reviews</span><span style="color: black;"> and any necessary actions<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Design development minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.3-design-and-development.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.3.5</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Results of </span><span style="color: black;">design and development verification</span><span style="color: black;"> and any necessary actions<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Design plan, test plan document outputs<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.3-design-and-development.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.3.6</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Results of </span><span style="color: black;">design and development validation</span><span style="color: black;"> and any necessary actions<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Test plans, test reports and acceptance records<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.3-design-and-development.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.3.7</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Results of the review of </span><span style="color: black;">design and development changes</span><span style="color: black;"> and any necessary actions<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Design review minutes<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.4.1-supplier-evaluation.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.4.1</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Results of </span><span style="color: black;">supplier evaluations</span><span style="color: black;"> and any necessary actions arising from the evaluations<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Supplier evaluations, subcontractor assessments, approved supplier list<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.5.2-special-processes.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.5.2d</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">As required by the organization to demonstrate the validation of processes where the resulting output cannot be verified by subsequent monitoring or measurement<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Schedules of achieved results<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.5.3-identification-and-traceability.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.5.3</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">The unique </span><span style="color: black;">identification of the product</span><span style="color: black;">, where traceability is a requirement<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Serial number logs<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br />
</span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.5.4-customer-property.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.5.4</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Customer property</span><span style="color: black;"> that is lost, damaged or otherwise found to be unsuitable for use<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Delivery notes, incoming material schedules, defective material reports or NCRs<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.6-calibration.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.6a</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Basis used for </span><span style="color: black;">calibration</span><span style="color: black;"> or verification of measuring equipment where no international or national measurement standards exist<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Customer specifications, corporate standards<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.6-calibration.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.6</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Validity of the previous measuring results when the measuring equipment is found not to conform to requirements<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Test plan document outputs<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/7.6-calibration.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">7.6</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Results of calibration and verification of measuring equipment<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Calibration certificates. records and calibration logs<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/8.2.2-internal-audit.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">8.2.2</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Internal audit</span><span style="color: black;"> results and follow-up action<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Internal audit report<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/8.2.4-monitor-and-measure-the-product.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">8.2.4</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Indication of the person(s) authorizing release of product.<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Release acceptance record<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/8.3-control-of-non-conformance.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">8.3</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Nature of the </span><span style="color: black;">product nonconformities</span><span style="color: black;"> and any subsequent actions taken, including concessions obtained<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Non conformance report, concession report<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/8.5.2-corrective-action.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">8.5.2</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Results of </span><span style="color: black;">corrective action</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial;">Corrective action reports and logs<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="file:///C:/Users/MADHU/Desktop/tutorial/8.5.3-preventive-action.htm"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;">8.5.3</span></a><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: yellow; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: black;">Results of </span><span style="color: black;">preventive action</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Preventive action reports and logs</span><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"></td> <td style="background: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 0.75pt;"></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div style="line-height: 16.5pt;"><span face="Calibri, sans-serif"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #555555;"> </span><br />
</o:p></span></div><h3 style="color: #555555; line-height: 16.5pt;"><u><span face=""Calibri","sans-serif"" style="background: yellow; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-highlight: yellow;">ISO 9001 SIX<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>MANDATORY PROCEDURES</span></u><u><span face=""Calibri","sans-serif"" style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></h3><ul type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Document control procedure </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">4.2.3</span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Control of Records procedure </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">4.2.4 </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Internal audit procedure </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">8.2.2</span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Control of non-conformance procedure </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">8.3</span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Corrective action procedure </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">8.5.2</span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 16.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Preventive action procedure </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">8.5.3</span></span><span class="apple-style-span" style="color: #555555;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.5pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></span></li>
</ul>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-62613499137621424272011-03-10T06:28:00.001-08:002011-03-10T07:04:11.956-08:00BUTTERING<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div align="justify" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> A butt welding procedure is enough for buttering.<br />
<br />
UNLESS<br />
<br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJnAawuXHq46FNQwbDhHuaMdASB8KzzNYmYT7aN4SRci8tUgMtm10IRMPqtsdKRHF09cgj0is-Rfa2epwxY6EswcNzzUVuPKqj1zHMgX21DsCryIoIDuKbN49ym7tf1rJPXh-MibgdEfQ/s1600/1.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJnAawuXHq46FNQwbDhHuaMdASB8KzzNYmYT7aN4SRci8tUgMtm10IRMPqtsdKRHF09cgj0is-Rfa2epwxY6EswcNzzUVuPKqj1zHMgX21DsCryIoIDuKbN49ym7tf1rJPXh-MibgdEfQ/s1600/1.bmp" /> </a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLaB8HROkWQTiy7ZX8HWWos6AM0n79LOxKty4p8AggGgMZQVRXchqdvct3dpEFMIM-Pht9fSGbhNPF1VQ1rwOV4rbdb-kC3_DzfMBfRxdEsThDXT90v6NoATo-zkS_Upvkg2pO7iOYmGA/s1600/3.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLaB8HROkWQTiy7ZX8HWWos6AM0n79LOxKty4p8AggGgMZQVRXchqdvct3dpEFMIM-Pht9fSGbhNPF1VQ1rwOV4rbdb-kC3_DzfMBfRxdEsThDXT90v6NoATo-zkS_Upvkg2pO7iOYmGA/s1600/3.bmp" /> </a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA5aQNE69aTzayzmmAgiTHnfSyf6hKSuczFs6Ke6m4_JGucMlS2wN3DZoFHWcPuFcek5y71LKy8L8ogmb714rHLIRgND9Bp2gJxmpLKlIEo9qIniLoPDQjykcDb-g8uOnv5l_bifbEqXE/s1600/4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA5aQNE69aTzayzmmAgiTHnfSyf6hKSuczFs6Ke6m4_JGucMlS2wN3DZoFHWcPuFcek5y71LKy8L8ogmb714rHLIRgND9Bp2gJxmpLKlIEo9qIniLoPDQjykcDb-g8uOnv5l_bifbEqXE/s1600/4.jpg" /> </a> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><strong>BUTTERING - ASME SEC VIII </strong></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> </div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">UW-42 SURFACE WELD METAL BUILDUP:</b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br />
Construction in which deposits of weld metal are applied to the surface of base metal for the purpose of:</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br />
(a) restoring the thickness of the base metal for strength consideration; </div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Or </div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br />
(b) modifying the configuration of weld joints in order to provide the tapered transition requirements of UW-9(c)</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">UW-33(B) SHALL BE PERFORMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING RULES:</b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br />
(1) A butt welding procedure qualification in accordance with provisions of Section IX must be performed for the thickness of weld metal deposited, prior to production welding.</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal"><br />
(2) All weld metal buildup must be examined over the full surface of the deposit by either magnetic particle examination to the requirements of Appendix 6, or <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>by liquid penetrant examination to the requirements of Appendix 8. When such surface weld metal buildup is used in welded joints which require full or spot radiographic examination, the weld metal buildup shall be included in the examination.</div><br />
<div align="left" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div></div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-84507918787865617522011-03-06T23:56:00.000-08:002011-03-06T23:56:43.786-08:00WELDER PERFORMANCE - ESSENTIAL VARIABLES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6OZdlwXfrc0sUbmmWH5eVOeIccvFO0ALAyErJdcug2Oy_8R9NyhD1wkzdgu_X-QscVvY9vwqLcU3GaPux8Zufy-9KgGwTSQfnzw2c9TmBbyhZ9sGGw4-21Pco7BCp5guN25c77kdk7as/s1600/axs.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6OZdlwXfrc0sUbmmWH5eVOeIccvFO0ALAyErJdcug2Oy_8R9NyhD1wkzdgu_X-QscVvY9vwqLcU3GaPux8Zufy-9KgGwTSQfnzw2c9TmBbyhZ9sGGw4-21Pco7BCp5guN25c77kdk7as/s640/axs.bmp" width="555" /></a></div><br />
</div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-7746701349605985862011-02-06T23:53:00.000-08:002011-02-06T23:53:36.567-08:00AISC ERECTION TOLERANCES<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAvBbnIq_5GC_MRhPfikmROEwcmuLTRCHBOaRHialCx4BuE3SwKWxDQ9KTW6kHM9m8tnV5itlrPx2IhW-4ycCweRaI-pNbYQ2LcOUASNey0daVcYTmXgxBjDngTzPawi_h7HxipAnU-Ik/s1600/34T.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAvBbnIq_5GC_MRhPfikmROEwcmuLTRCHBOaRHialCx4BuE3SwKWxDQ9KTW6kHM9m8tnV5itlrPx2IhW-4ycCweRaI-pNbYQ2LcOUASNey0daVcYTmXgxBjDngTzPawi_h7HxipAnU-Ik/s640/34T.png" width="528" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_fEUUCytQwmYi8NIK-BT11Ickg91sh7uavJ_6xWJYMZqyJOWhJdPfPBLUNuJW119Xr-zq8wgs0QWjklSeH5GF5vdiSe2ELbmUAMYYsgbyXTuL-w6TT_H1fr5KhvHTJR_c-GQTA6RsTfo/s1600/EW.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_fEUUCytQwmYi8NIK-BT11Ickg91sh7uavJ_6xWJYMZqyJOWhJdPfPBLUNuJW119Xr-zq8wgs0QWjklSeH5GF5vdiSe2ELbmUAMYYsgbyXTuL-w6TT_H1fr5KhvHTJR_c-GQTA6RsTfo/s640/EW.png" width="640" /></a></div><br />
</div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-75818916901285392922011-02-05T19:27:00.000-08:002011-02-05T19:27:44.398-08:00WELDER PERFORMANCE RETEST<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVzwOWAf7-M_VG-C0RVKsVbodJ7brTZA8VKSWn16iaRX83j2_-S2YRcJCtGZd-RaIUokXc1zVOiwLhm_B1a7Y7W-fahzlU_SemRS1bVSDkSQVLcobKOzLeuysc0ieGcgqSh3Om1xtNJMU/s1600/RETEST.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVzwOWAf7-M_VG-C0RVKsVbodJ7brTZA8VKSWn16iaRX83j2_-S2YRcJCtGZd-RaIUokXc1zVOiwLhm_B1a7Y7W-fahzlU_SemRS1bVSDkSQVLcobKOzLeuysc0ieGcgqSh3Om1xtNJMU/s1600/RETEST.bmp" /></a></div><br />
</div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-32719591964198897322011-01-18T00:37:00.000-08:002011-01-18T00:42:41.711-08:00PREHEATING and PWHT<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7wEX2AQv6OeSpUsaA1TLgZzocqmKtI_AIXV6DdVT4wNRBucunCjLKa9l3JMAOTcp79wnuIsc-Vtj-LqemFcYjk2HfBUJdPeNONNNCbEcjjZb_SsnbmfDXBZlVAyB7jTTf86ZTnx1AsxE/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7wEX2AQv6OeSpUsaA1TLgZzocqmKtI_AIXV6DdVT4wNRBucunCjLKa9l3JMAOTcp79wnuIsc-Vtj-LqemFcYjk2HfBUJdPeNONNNCbEcjjZb_SsnbmfDXBZlVAyB7jTTf86ZTnx1AsxE/s400/1.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTw92zuA64mzngkRX4gUfg4ivDZalUa5hHtSZctcxcheDgERqMVDVD1uZWtjk0qPxpQUYg1l9_5t6bYGpToY9RsXwie5KK773GCCeiAfOtYbS3_4rh8izjAL2DqpxRaHFnTP9oWdEiTeY/s1600/112.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTw92zuA64mzngkRX4gUfg4ivDZalUa5hHtSZctcxcheDgERqMVDVD1uZWtjk0qPxpQUYg1l9_5t6bYGpToY9RsXwie5KK773GCCeiAfOtYbS3_4rh8izjAL2DqpxRaHFnTP9oWdEiTeY/s400/112.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br />
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<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC12ExA23aBqilQ-vL0AQ1MjyOXGm7sKgJUgwJDcmCq4EgCn8nf-V_aRM-pPJvw2zEuwcvBnMpK9n6UDHz1ZMkggCjtsd2ULTr5WerYkOkyNxAAI2qzFGs8NKNbsK36Zgjb6kOSysnAo0/s1600/9.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC12ExA23aBqilQ-vL0AQ1MjyOXGm7sKgJUgwJDcmCq4EgCn8nf-V_aRM-pPJvw2zEuwcvBnMpK9n6UDHz1ZMkggCjtsd2ULTr5WerYkOkyNxAAI2qzFGs8NKNbsK36Zgjb6kOSysnAo0/s1600/9.bmp" /></a></div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-82423824914794145952010-11-21T02:12:00.000-08:002010-11-21T02:20:32.816-08:00PIPE FABRICATION TOLERANCES ( COURTESY PFI )<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1f_w4t4Nm1mxYjjx_CDGhhkwx8LZGl9TNPTGUufy_ELzK3l2ZiOZoO_j6V7rm3_a0mNx5Py8UwULJTA-O06E4mQUm3Oz_-S5KgUeznRO3IAPoIH6HCyY2SbUULJRJtMAAnwFuIVjpvS8/s1600/Untitled.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1f_w4t4Nm1mxYjjx_CDGhhkwx8LZGl9TNPTGUufy_ELzK3l2ZiOZoO_j6V7rm3_a0mNx5Py8UwULJTA-O06E4mQUm3Oz_-S5KgUeznRO3IAPoIH6HCyY2SbUULJRJtMAAnwFuIVjpvS8/s1600/Untitled.jpg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Fw3fhexgSfpr5SbnKZLBd_eghfkwBQajLq5esnecTQcbiho9xzNXz1I27Cj-EKQBVk3m54uXpAmvrf9s_SA8U_-hhldkcPqml1KjubrvQggWmyXfIiamwv3rN6zNZIgsQDLPx1kU8ko/s1600/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2Fw3fhexgSfpr5SbnKZLBd_eghfkwBQajLq5esnecTQcbiho9xzNXz1I27Cj-EKQBVk3m54uXpAmvrf9s_SA8U_-hhldkcPqml1KjubrvQggWmyXfIiamwv3rN6zNZIgsQDLPx1kU8ko/s1600/2.jpg" /></a></div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-52595351952900875262010-11-08T18:19:00.000-08:002010-11-08T21:14:00.841-08:00ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONSWhen applying coatings, the most important factors to consider<br />
are the condition of the substrate, the surface temperature, and the<br />
atmospheric conditions at the time of painting.<br />
<br />
Paint application should only be carried out when good atmospheric<br />
conditions and clement weather prevail.<br />
<br />
<b>Painting should not be carried out </b>:<br />
<br />
• when the air temperature falls below the lower drying or curing limit of<br />
the coating,<br />
<br />
• during fog or mist conditions or when rain or snow is imminent,<br />
<br />
• when the surface to be painted is wet with condensation or when<br />
condensation can occur during the initial drying period of the paint.<br />
<br />
During the night steel temperatures fall. They rise again during the day<br />
but there is always a lag in movement of steel temperature compared to<br />
the atmospheric condition, so condensation on the steel surface is<br />
possible. Condensation will occur if the steel temperature is below the<br />
dew point of the atmosphere.<br />
<br />
<b>BORDERLINE CONDITIONS:</b><br />
<br />
<br />
Relative humidity itself rarely creates a problem. Most paints will tolerate<br />
high humidities, but humidity should not be permitted to lead to<br />
condensation on the surface being painted. In order to determine<br />
whether or not a surface is wet, the steel temperature should be<br />
measured using a surface temperature thermometer and the dew point<br />
calculated after measurement of humidity with a hygrometer. Paint<br />
application should not take place when steel temperature is less than 3°C<br />
(5°F) above the dew point.<br />
<br />
<br />
Paint should not be applied when surfaces are affected by rain or ice.<br />
Some two component paints (for example certain epoxy coatings) should<br />
not be applied at low temperatures as curing may be retarded.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>EXTREME CONDITIONS :</b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">LOWER TEMPERATURE EXTREME</span>:-</b><br />
<br />
Generally, extreme conditions refers to ambient temperatures below 5°C<br />
(41°F) or above 40°C (104°F).<br />
<br />
Below 5°C (41°F) the curing of coatings, such as traditional two<br />
component epoxies, slows down dramatically and for some paints curing<br />
stops altogether. International Paint’s product range contains certain<br />
epoxy and polyurethane coatings specifically formulated for use at<br />
temperatures below 5°C. Consult International Paint. Other marine<br />
coatings are not so severely affected; chlorinated rubbers and vinyls are<br />
quite suitable for use at temperatures below 0°C (32°F) provided that the<br />
surface is clean and free from ice or frost.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>HIGHER TEMPERATURE EXTREME:-</b></span><br />
<br />
At the other extreme of 40°C (104°F) and above, the drying and curing of<br />
paints is rather rapid and care should be taken to avoid dry spray. This is<br />
caused by the too rapid loss of solvent from paint droplets between the<br />
spray nozzle and the surface. It can be avoided by:-<br />
<br />
(i) Keeping the spray gun at the minimum suitable distance from the<br />
work piece, spraying consistently at 90° to the surface being<br />
painted.<br />
<br />
(ii) Adding thinners, if necessary, up to a maximum of 5% by volume.<br />
In conditions of high temperature, techniques must be adopted to prevent<br />
defects such as voids, pinholes, bubbles and poor coverage due to the<br />
over rapid evaporation of solvent. However, provided that good standards<br />
of workmanship are maintained, it is normally possible to satisfactorily<br />
apply most International Marine Coatings products on to steel substrates<br />
up to 65°C (149°F). Consult International Paint for specific product<br />
guidance.Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-62902080438443565122010-10-17T09:40:00.000-07:002010-10-18T05:55:52.909-07:00GUIDANCE TO PAINT DATA SHEET<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">TOLERANCES</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The numerical information quoted on marine product datasheets has</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">been derived from laboratory test data obtained under controlled</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">conditions for the products described. Whilst every effort has been</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">made to ensure accuracy, this information will be subject to minor</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">variations obtained in normal manufacturing tolerances, and any</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">fluctuations in ambient conditions during the application and curing</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">periods.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">GLOSS LEVEL</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Typical gloss values have been determined in accordance with ISO</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">2813:1994/Corr 1:1997 using a 60° gloss head or, for North America,</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">ASTM-D-523. The categories used in the data sheet are:</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Finish (Sheen) </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Matt</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Eggshell</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Semi-Gloss</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Gloss</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">High Gloss</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">DRY FILMTHICKNESS<br />
(DFT)</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The measured thickness of the final dried film applied to the substrate.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">WET FILMTHICKNESS<br />
(WFT)</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The initial thickness of the wet coating applied to the substrate.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">VOLUME SOLIDS</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The volume solids figure given on the product data sheet is the</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">percentage of the wet film, which remains as the dry film, and is</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">obtained from a given wet film thickness under specified application</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">method and conditions. These figures have been determined under</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">laboratory conditions using a modification of the test method described</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">in ISO 3233:1998/Corr 1:1999 – Determination of Volume Solids by</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Measurement of Dry Film Density. The modification is technically</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">equivalent involving the use of slightly smaller glass slides. For North</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">America, volume solids are measured by ASTM-D-2697 (1986) which</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">determines the volume solids of a coating using the recommended dry</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">film thickness of the coating quoted on the product data sheet, and a</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">specified drying schedule at ambient temperature, i.e. 7 days at 25°C +</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">1°C.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">DRYING TIME</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The drying times quoted in the product data sheet have been</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">determined in the laboratory using a typical dry film thickness, the</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">ambient temperature quoted in the relevant product data sheet, and the</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">appropriate test method</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Touch Dry</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(ISO 1517 - 1973)</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">- The surface drying state of a coating</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">when Ballotini (small glass spheres) can</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">be lightly brushed away without</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">damaging the surface of the coating.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Hard Dry</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(ISO 9117-1990)</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">- The condition of the film in which it is</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">dry throughout its thickness, as</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">opposed to that condition in which the</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">surface of the film is dry but the bulk of</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the coating is still mobile.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">This through drying state is determined by the use of a “mechanical</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">thumb” device “in situ” at the temperature quoted.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">In North America the Touch Dry, Hard Dry and Re-coat times are</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">determined in accordance with ASTM-D-1680 (1995) using sections</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">7.5, 7.7 and 7.8 respectively.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The drying times achieved in practice may show some slight fluctuation,</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">particularly in climatic conditions where the substrate temperature</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">differs significantly from the ambient air temperature and because of</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">variations in practical dry film thickness.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> OVERCOATING INTERVAL</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The product data sheet gives both a “minimum” and a “maximum”</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">overcoating interval and the figures quoted at the various temperatures</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">are intended as guidelines, consistent with good painting practices.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Certain terms require elaboration as follows:</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Minimum</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The “minimum overcoating time” quoted is an indication of the time</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">required for the coating to attain the necessary state of dryness and</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">hardness to allow the application of a further coat of paint without the</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">development of any film irregularities such as lifting or loss of adhesion</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">of the first coat (ASTM-D-1640).</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">It assumes:</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(i) the coating has been applied at the normal recommended</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">thickness.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(ii) environmental conditions both during and after application were</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">as recommended for that particular coating, especially in</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">respect of temperature, relative humidity and ventilation.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(iii) the paint used for overcoating is suitable for that purpose.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(iv) an understanding of the “method of application”. For example, if</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">a coating can be applied by both brush or spray it is expected</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">that overcoating may be carried out more rapidly if sprayed and</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">it is the “lowest” figure that is quoted.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">If the above conditions are not met, the quoted minimum overcoating</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">times are liable to variation and will invariably have to be extended.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Maximum</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The “maximum overcoating time” indicates the allowable time period</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">within which overcoating should take place in order to ensure</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">acceptable intercoat adhesion is achieved.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Extended</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Where an “extended” overcoating time is stated, the anticipated level of</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">intercoat adhesion can only be achieved if:</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(i) the coating has been applied in accordance with good painting</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">practices and at the specified film thickness.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(ii) the aged coating has the “intended” surface characteristics</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">required for long term overcoatability. For example, an overapplied</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">epoxy MIO may not have its usual “textured” surface</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">and will no longer be overcoatable after ageing unless it is</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">abraded.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(iii) the coating to be overcoated must be intact, tightly adherent,</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">clean, dry and free from all contaminants. For example, the</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">leached layer on an antifouling coating is usually porous and</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">friable and must be removed to provide the necessary surface</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">for overcoating.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(iv) coatings having a glossy surface which could have a detrimental</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">effect on the adhesion of subsequent coats should be treated by</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">light surface abrasion, sweep blasting, or other suitable</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">processes which will not cut through or detract from the</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">performance of the underlying coating.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">(v)in some situations, and with specific products, it may be</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">necessary to high pressure fresh water wash prior to</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">overcoating.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">It should be recognised that the level of intercoat adhesion obtained is</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">also dependent upon the chemisty of the “topcoat”. By their nature,</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">primers or undercoats will have inherently better adhesion than finish</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">coats.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The measurement of ultimate “adhesion strength” can often be a difficult</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">process, and interpretation of results can be subjective. Excellent</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">adhesion does not necessarily mean good performance, nor does</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">relatively poor adhesion necessarily mean poor performance.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Although the adhesion of coatings applied to aged / cured coatings may</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">be deemed satisfactory for the specified end use, actual numerical values</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">obtained for adhesion may be less than with coatings applied within</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">“minimum / short” overcoating intervals.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">FLASH POINT</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The minimum temperature at which a product, when confined in a</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Setaflash closed cup, must be heated for the vapours emitted to ignite</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">momentarily in the presence of a flame (ISO 3679:1983). In North</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">America Flash Point is determined in accordance with ASTM-D-3278</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">VOLATILE ORGANICCOMPOUND (VOC)</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">VOC content is the weight of volatile organic compounds which</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions for litre of paint.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Legislative requirements differ from country to country, and from region to</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">region, and are constantly being reviewed. Values quoted for VOC on</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">the product data sheet are calculated from the product formulation.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">WORKING POT LIFE</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The maximum time during which the product supplied as separate</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">components should be used after they have been mixed together at the</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">specified temperature.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The values quoted have been obtained from a combination of laboratory</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">tests, and application trials, and refer to the time periods under which</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">satisfactory coating performance will be achieved.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Application of any product after the working pot life has been exceeded</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">will lead to inferior product performance, and must NOT be attempted,</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">even if the material in question appears liquid in the can.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">SHELF LIFE</span></b><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The shelf life quoted on the product datasheets is generally a</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">conservative value, and it is probable that the coating can be applied</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">without any deterioration in performance after this period has elapsed.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Exceeding the shelf life of a product does not necessarily render it</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">unusable. However, if the specified shelf life has been exceeded, it is</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">recommended that the condition of the material is checked before any</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">large scale application is undertaken using materials beyond the quoted</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">shelf life.</span>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-71697527033097540452010-09-28T03:19:00.001-07:002010-09-28T03:19:59.579-07:00COATING COMPATIBILITY CHART<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkRNTgGy5u88U7FFfDlE99Q6UDpLN77w8t3wdWeyJZby2xgi_Ih6cD20zErZPYX-mdPD57A4GRrloHgxYqUX-R4oG4pIvQTyCCTBC8pbUTJdq-ngv7gU4XaM6rBD_I4pMWKiM68oTbZdE/s1600/ccchart.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkRNTgGy5u88U7FFfDlE99Q6UDpLN77w8t3wdWeyJZby2xgi_Ih6cD20zErZPYX-mdPD57A4GRrloHgxYqUX-R4oG4pIvQTyCCTBC8pbUTJdq-ngv7gU4XaM6rBD_I4pMWKiM68oTbZdE/s1600/ccchart.bmp" /></a></div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-73740062156263623082010-09-18T01:15:00.000-07:002010-09-18T01:15:25.110-07:00FILLER METALS<strong>ER308</strong><br />
<br />
Most frequently used for base metals of similar composition.<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER308L</strong><br />
<br />
Similar usage as the above, but the 0.03% maximum carbon content increases resistance to intergranular corrosion.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER308LSi</strong><br />
<br />
Similar usage as the above, but the 0.65-1.00% silicon content improves wash and wetting behavior in the gas shielded welding processes.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER309</strong><br />
<br />
Used for welding similar alloys in wrought or cast form; occasionally used for welding 18-8 base metals when severe corrosion conditions exist; and, at times, welding dissimilar steels.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER309L</strong><br />
<br />
Similar usage as 309 bare, but the 0.03% maximum carbon content increases resistance to intergranular corrosion.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER309LSi</strong><br />
<br />
Similar usage as the above, but the 0.65-1.00% silicon content improves wash and wetting behavior in the gas shielded welding processes.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER310</strong><br />
<br />
Similar usage as the above, but the 0.65-1.00% silicon content improves wash and wetting behavior in the gas shielded welding processes.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER312</strong><br />
<br />
Most frequently used to weld base metals of similar composition.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER316</strong><br />
<br />
Usually used for welding similar alloys (containing about 2% molybdenum); also for high temperature service applications.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER316L</strong><br />
<br />
Used principally for welding molybdenum-bearing austenitic alloys containing 0.03% maximum carbon.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER316LSi</strong><br />
<br />
Similar usage as the above, but the 0.65-1.00% silicon content improves wash and wetting behavior in the gas shielded welding processes.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER317L</strong><br />
<br />
The alloy content is somewhat higher than for ER 316,particularly in molybdenum. The maximum 0.03% carbon content increases resistance to integranular corrosion due to carbide precipitation.Severe corrosion resistance to sulfuric and sulfurous acids and their salts.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER347</strong><br />
<br />
A stabilized 18-8, 19-9 alloy that is not subject to intergranular corrosion due to carbide precipitation.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>ER410</strong><br />
<br />
Used for welding alloys of similar compositions; also for overlays on carbon steels to resist corrosion, erosion or abrasion. Usually requires preheat and postheat treatments.Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-61418898057221862942010-09-18T00:55:00.000-07:002010-09-23T00:55:47.030-07:00FILLER METAL SELECTOR<div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibIZPe1V0tyCUxh05fLjEE-pIisAsXpJJKxSGXO741Qt6Jd65T5drMmJKc8y23j6exYu11VRpr7j_6oJ1pseD8sM7SOSOlLZKzyn_Jr8rR3WhN8LYEyjvCLxVEjqYHEksqLv8Ok6rz9SU/s1600/ss.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" qx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibIZPe1V0tyCUxh05fLjEE-pIisAsXpJJKxSGXO741Qt6Jd65T5drMmJKc8y23j6exYu11VRpr7j_6oJ1pseD8sM7SOSOlLZKzyn_Jr8rR3WhN8LYEyjvCLxVEjqYHEksqLv8Ok6rz9SU/s1600/ss.bmp" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsgLGdN0KVKk5yFjArBGhhAQ9Up8hucUMuPGJz4n-e8Muk8KjzxgHi_rBMFIjV94A6PwEI-O0VpswTf44h15JhSmhVel5Mq8GBbEXAErIrJYzVNT-V_lU5sooj9-QR7WQrNs62eQfPYEU/s1600/1234.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="523" qx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsgLGdN0KVKk5yFjArBGhhAQ9Up8hucUMuPGJz4n-e8Muk8KjzxgHi_rBMFIjV94A6PwEI-O0VpswTf44h15JhSmhVel5Mq8GBbEXAErIrJYzVNT-V_lU5sooj9-QR7WQrNs62eQfPYEU/s640/1234.bmp" width="640" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKZPcCxnF2SO3xWa6pSSKTcAvJMHQeCBdtKZ_MfGtFKGc8myPJhYkILE303RUjxxbI6qiH8ZoA16l1A5LJ5v2yvuAUf63NhuMTsF2QdycxwG-ZUgIfZLeALVLpQ13PgAHb6Tg9Rj8nnXU/s1600/123.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" qx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKZPcCxnF2SO3xWa6pSSKTcAvJMHQeCBdtKZ_MfGtFKGc8myPJhYkILE303RUjxxbI6qiH8ZoA16l1A5LJ5v2yvuAUf63NhuMTsF2QdycxwG-ZUgIfZLeALVLpQ13PgAHb6Tg9Rj8nnXU/s640/123.bmp" width="494" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTYG0wWquVNvQ_-G-2WUaAUYyrAc7BoTrCPIMM3PBJBOTLdLka-a6JAl1xRqAH0J5aubYqzoSPxbCgx0pSIaaWP0atPFO6JxZ7EpG74Z2p0GSu42rn0dSw8tia1yYoRnGkEnvcmO8VCWY/s1600/123rfg.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTYG0wWquVNvQ_-G-2WUaAUYyrAc7BoTrCPIMM3PBJBOTLdLka-a6JAl1xRqAH0J5aubYqzoSPxbCgx0pSIaaWP0atPFO6JxZ7EpG74Z2p0GSu42rn0dSw8tia1yYoRnGkEnvcmO8VCWY/s1600/123rfg.bmp" /></a></div>Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-682768544261328321.post-10991533683922830972010-09-14T21:47:00.000-07:002010-09-14T21:48:58.406-07:00COATING ON STAINLESS STEEL<strong>Introduction</strong><br />
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Stainless steels are used because of their corrosion resistance in a wide variety of service environments, usually without additional coatings. In certain circumstances, however, stainless steel components or structures may require a coated (paint) finish. Examples of this may include company colour schemes or logos, environmental blending and compatibility, and general aesthetic requirements.<br />
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Coating systems for stainless steels must be carefully selected to provide sufficient durability to meet the requirements of the service environment and its associated operating conditions. The combination of surface preparation and formulation of the paint system are key factors in meeting these objectives. In certain environments, localised breakdown of the coating can lead to corrosion, which may be more severe than that experienced with un-coated surfaces and may result in high, localised, rates of attack.<br />
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In general, stainless steels have flatter and smoother surfaces than carbon steels. This applies particularly to thin cold-rolled products (sheet and coil) and may adversely affect adhesion between the metal surface and the coating system. Roughening of stainless steel surfaces prior to coating is essential and can usually be achieved by abrasive blasting, light hand abrasion or chemical etching.<br />
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<strong>Surface preparation</strong> <br />
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Abrasive Blasting<br />
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Abrasive blasting can be accomplished by using clean, fine, hard non-metallic abrasive particles (e.g. alumina or silicon carbide). The abrasive medium must be iron-free to avoid contamination, which can result in rust staining on the surface prior to coating and the compressed air carrying the abrasive medium must be free of compressor oil. <br />
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Abrasive blasting may be readily confined to specific areas by masking. Support should be given to thin sections or cold-rolled material to avoid distortion or damage during blasting.<br />
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Stainless steel surfaces should be prepared to give a surface roughness Ra of approximately 50 micron and a minimum cleanliness of grade 2 in accordance with BS 7079:Part 1A.<br />
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Light Hand Abrasion<br />
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To avoid distortion to light sections light hand abrasion is an alternative method to blasting. Iron-free, 320 to 400 grit abrasive media are usually satisfactory. Chemical etching treatments can also be considered. Certain paint manufacturers have special primers designed for such applications and it is recommended that details of the surface to be coated are specified when seeking advice on an appropriate coating system. <br />
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<strong>Final Cleaning</strong><br />
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Prior to coating, all stainless steel surfaces must be dry and free from rust, other foreign materials, oil and grease. The presence of such contaminants may lead to failure of the coating system. Oil and grease may be removed organic solvents, for example acetone and final drying done with a hot air blower.<br />
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<strong>Coating application and systems</strong><br />
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The table below gives details of paint systems suitable for coating stainless steels and, in accordance with ISO 12944 and ISO 9223, classifies them in terms of the severity of the envisaged service environment.<br />
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<br />
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<strong>Exterior Environment Coating System</strong> <br />
and<br />
<strong>Category Corrosion Risk Location</strong> . <br />
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C3 - Medium Rural and urban areas with low sulphur dioxide, acid, alkali and salt pollution - Two pack epoxy or polyurethane primer suitable for stainless steel at 30-50 micron dry, FOLLOWED BY High solids polyurethane finish at 100 micron dry <br />
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C4 - High Urban and industrial areas with moderate sulphur dioxide and/or coastal areas with low salinity - Two pack epoxy or polyurethane primer suitable for stainless steel at 30-50 micron dry, FOLLOWED BY High build epoxy MIO* at 100 mm dry, FOLLOWED BY Re-coatable polyurethane finish at 60 micron dry <br />
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C5I - Very High Industrial areas with high humidity and aggressive atmospheres - Two pack epoxy or polyurethane primer suitable for stainless steel at 30-50 micron dry, FOLLOWED BY High build epoxy MIO* at 200 micron dry (one or two coats), FOLLOWED BY Re-coatable polyurethane finish at 60 micron dry <br />
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C5M-Very High Coastal and offshore areas with high salinity - Two pack epoxy or polyurethane primer suitable for stainless steel at 30-50 micron dry, FOLLOWED BY High build epoxy MIO* at 200 micron dry (one or two coats), FOLLOWED BY Re-coatable polyurethane finish at 60 micron dry <br />
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MIO = Micaeous Iron Oxide<br />
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Cleanliness is extremely important in the successful application of paint coatings to stainless steels surfaces. Paint coatings should be applied in clean, dust-free conditions to clean, dry stainless steel surfaces. <br />
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If the correct precautions are taken, the complete coating systems suggested in the table can be applied in 'on-site'.<br />
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It may be preferable for some or all of the components of coating systems to be applied under paint shop conditions, where site conditions cannot be carefully controlled. Provided the initial coating stages are done under these conditions, then the final coat can be applied 'on-site' or after final assembly.<br />
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The first primer coat can be followed by subsequent coats in strongly contrasting colours to ensure complete coverage of the component or structure by the full coating system. The paint manufacturer's instructions concerning drying times should be followed and coatings must be fully dry before the application of subsequent coats.<br />
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Before applying new coatings to painted stainless steel, the original coating system should be identified and advice on surface preparation obtained from the paint system manufacturer. This should help ensure compatibility between the new and existing coating systems.<br />
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Paints that contain metallic zinc should not be used on stainless steel as embrittlement of the stainless steel substrate can occur in the event of severe fire damage.Madhuhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13324911531513345122noreply@blogger.com